Loops

# Iterate over a list
courses = ["HTML", "CSS", "Python", "Django"]
for course in courses:
    print(course)

# range() — generate a sequence of numbers
for i in range(5):          # 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
    print(i)

for i in range(1, 6):       # 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
    print(i)

for i in range(0, 10, 2):   # 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 (step of 2)
    print(i)

# enumerate() — get index AND value together
for i, course in enumerate(courses):
    print(f"{i + 1}. {course}")

# Iterate over a string
for char in "Hello":
    print(char)  # H, e, l, l, o

# while — runs as long as condition is True
count = 0
while count < 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1

# break — exit the loop immediately
for n in range(100):
    if n == 5:
        break
    print(n)
# Prints: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

# continue — skip to the next iteration
for n in range(10):
    if n % 2 == 0:
        continue  # skip even numbers
    print(n)
# Prints: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9

# else clause on loops — runs if loop completed without break
for course in courses:
    if course == "Rust":
        print("Found Rust!")
        break
else:
    print("Rust not in list")  # runs if loop didn't break